Automatic fire alarm system
The first section  System installation and debugging
First, the wiring
1. The wiring of the fire automatic alarm system shall comply with the provisions of GB 50303 of the current national standard "Construction Quality Acceptance Criteria for Construction Electrical Installations" . The automatic fire alarm system shall be separately wired. Lines with different voltage levels and different current categories in the system shall not be placed in the same slot or in the same slot of the slot. The wiring in the pipe or in the trunk shall be carried out after the completion of construction plastering and ground works. There shall be no accumulation of water and debris in the pipe or in the trunk.
2. There should be no joints or kinks in the pipe or in the raceway. Wire connectors should be soldered in the terminal box or connected by terminals. The line leading from the junction box, trunking, etc. to the base of the detector, control equipment, and speaker shall not exceed 2m in length when metal hoses are used for protection . The nozzles and pipe connections laid in the pipes of dusty or wet areas shall be sealed.
3. When the pipeline exceeds the following length, the junction box should be installed at the convenient wiring area:
( 1 ) When the length of the pipe exceeds 30m , there is no bending;
(2) the length of each tube exceeds 20m, when there is a bending;
( 3 ) When the length of the pipe exceeds 10m , there are 2 bends;
( 4 ) When the pipe length exceeds 8m , there are 3 bends.
4. The metal tube is put into the box. The outer side of the box should be sleeved and locked. The inner side should be equipped with a protective mouth; when laying in the ceiling, the inner and outer sides of the box should be sleeved and locked. Plastic tube into the box should take the appropriate fixed measures. When laying pipes and trunkings of different types, separate fixtures or supports shall be used for fixing. The diameter of the hanger for hoisting troughs or pipes should not be less than 6mm .
5. When laying the wire trough, set the hanging point or fulcrum at the following locations:
( 1 ) At the beginning of the trunking, the terminal and the joint;
( 2 ) 0.2m away from the junction box ;
( 3 ) trunking corners or branches;
( 4 ) The straight section is not more than 3m .
6. After the conductors of the automatic fire alarm system are laid, measure the insulation resistance of each loop conductor to the ground with a 500V megohmmeter, and the insulation resistance value shall not be less than 20MΩ . Wires in the same project should be selected according to different uses to distinguish different colors, the same purpose wire color should be consistent. The positive line of the power cord should be red, and the negative should be blue or black.
Section II, System Main Components Installation
(I) Installation requirements for controller equipment
1. Arrangement requirements for control equipment in fire control room
( 1 ) The operating distance before the equipment face plate shall not be less than 1.5m when arranged in a single row, and shall not be less than 2m when arranged in a double row ;
( 2 ) On the side of the staff on duty who often work, the distance from the equipment panel to the wall should not be less than 3m ;
( 3 ) The maintenance distance after the equipment surface plate should not be less than 1m ;
( 4 ) When the arrangement length of the equipment surface plate is greater than 4m , two ends of the channel shall have a width of not less than 1m ;
( 5 ) In the fire control room that is used in combination with other weak electrical systems in the building, fire-fighting equipment should be centralized and should be clearly separated from other equipment.
2. When the control equipment is mounted by wall mounting, the height of the main display screen should be 1.5 m ~ 1.8m its side away from the wall of the shaft near the door of not less than 0.5m, the front operating distance of not less than 1.2m; landing installation, which should be higher than the bottom (floor) surface of 0.1 ~ 0.2m.
3. Installation requirements for cables or wires introduced into the controller
( 3 ) Each terminal of the terminal board shall not exceed 2 wires, and cable cores and conductors shall have a margin of not less than 200mm and shall be bundled into bundles;
(II) Installation requirements of fire detectors
1. Point-type smoke, heat detector
( 1 ) The horizontal distance from the detector to the wall and beam edge shall not be less than 0.5m ; the horizontal distance from the detector within 0.5m shall not be covered ; the horizontal distance from the detector to the closest edge of the air-conditioning air-supply port shall not be less than 1.5m ; The horizontal distance to the multi-hole ventilation ceiling should not be less than 0.5m .
( 2 ) Install the detector on the inner walkway ceiling with a width of less than 3m . The installation spacing of point type heat detectors shall not exceed 10m ; the installation spacing of point type smoke detectors shall not exceed 15m . The distance from the detector to the end wall should not be greater than half the installation pitch.
( 3 ) The detector should be installed horizontally. When it is really necessary to install it obliquely, the angle of inclination should not exceed 450° .
2. Linear heat detectors laid under the ceiling
The distance from the detector to the ceiling should be 0.1m . The protection radius of the detector should meet the requirements of the protection radius of the point-type heat detector. The distance from the detector to the wall should be 1m to 1.5m .
3. Detector base installation
( 1 ) The base of the detector should be securely mounted and must be reliably crimped or welded to the conductor. When using soldering, corrosive fluxes should not be used.
( 2 ) The connecting wire of the detector base shall have a margin of not less than 150mm , and there shall be a clear permanent mark at its end. The threading hole of the detector base should be blocked, and the installed detector base should be protected.
(III) Installation Requirements of Manual Fire Alarm Buttons
1. The manual fire alarm button should be installed in an obvious and easy to operate place. When installed on a wall, the height of its bottom edge from the floor ( building ) should be 1.3m to 1.5m . Manual fire alarm buttons should be firmly installed and should not be tilted.
2. The connection wire of the manual fire alarm button shall have a margin of not less than 150mm and shall have a clear mark at the end thereof.
Section III, System Debugging Requirements
Before commissioning the system, the specification, model, quantity, spare parts, etc. of the equipment shall be inspected in accordance with the requirements of the design documents; the construction quality of the system shall be inspected in accordance with the corresponding construction requirements; the problems that are part of the construction shall be shared with the relevant units. Negotiations shall be settled and shall be recorded in writing; system lines shall be inspected in accordance with the corresponding construction requirements. For problems such as wrong line, open circuit, cold welding, short circuit, insulation resistance less than 20MΩ, etc., corresponding measures shall be taken.
(I) Fire alarm controller
1. Before the commissioning, all external control connections of the fire alarm controller should be cut off. Connect the fire detector of any bus loop and the manual fire alarm button on the bus loop to the power supply.
2. Make the connection between the controller and the detector open circuit and short circuit, the controller should send a fault signal within 100s (except for a fire alarm signal when short-circuited); in the fault state, make the detector of any non-faulty part The fire alarm signal is issued. The controller shall send out a fire alarm signal within 1 min . The fire alarm time shall be recorded. Then the other detector shall send a fire alarm signal to check the controller's alarm function again.
3. Make the connection between the controller and the backup power supply disconnected and short-circuited. The controller should send a fault signal within 100s .
4. Make at least 10 fire detectors on any bus loop at the same time in a fire alarm state and check the load function of the controller.
Section IV , System Inspection and Maintenance
After the completion of the fire automatic alarm system, the construction unit shall be responsible for organizing the construction, design, supervision and other units for testing. Unqualified testing may not be put into use.
First, test data inspection
When testing the system, the contractor should provide the following information:
1. As- built inspection application report, design change notice, as-built drawing;
2. Engineering quality accident handling report;
3. Construction site quality management inspection records;
4 fire automatic alarm system construction process quality management inspection records;
5. Inspection reports, certificates, and related materials for each device in the automatic fire alarm system.
Second, system testing
(I) Contents detected by the system
The system testing content includes the installation position, construction quality and functions of the following devices in the system, and its function shall meet the requirements of the design documents.
1. Fire alarm system devices ( including various fire detectors, manual fire alarm buttons, fire alarm controllers, and area displays ) ;
2. Fire-fighting linkage control system (including fire linkage controller, gas (foam) fire control controller, fire shutter controller, fire door monitor, fire electrical control device, emergency power supply for fire fighting equipment, fire emergency broadcast control equipment, fire protection Telephone, transmission equipment (fire alarm transmission equipment or user information transmission device), fire control room graphic display device, module, fire electric device, fire hydrant button and other equipment);
3. Automatic fire extinguishing system control devices ( including control devices for automatic water spray, gas, dry powder, foam and other fixed fire extinguishing systems ) ;
4. Fire hydrant system control device;
5. Ventilation and air conditioning, smoke and smoke and electric fire dampers and other control devices;
6. Fire door monitor, fire shutter controller;
7. Fallback control devices for fire elevators and non-fire elevators;
8. fire alarm device;
9. Fire emergency lighting and evacuation indication control devices;
10. Cut off the non-fire power control device;
11. Electric valve control device;
12. Fire-fighting networking communications;
13. Other fire control devices in the system;
14. Combustible gas alarm detection system devices (including combustible gas detectors and combustible gas alarm controllers, etc. ) ;
15. Electrical fire monitoring system devices (including electrical fire monitoring detectors and electrical fire monitoring equipment, etc.).
(B) System Equipment Inspection Quantity Requirements
1. The automatic conversion device for main and standby power supplies for various types of fire-fighting electrical equipment shall be subjected to three conversion tests, each of which shall be normal.
2. Fire alarm controllers ( including combustible gas alarm controllers and electrical fire monitoring equipment ) and fire-fighting linkage controllers shall be fully functionally inspected according to the actual installation quantity. All kinds of other electrical equipment and area displays in the fire-fighting linkage control system shall be subject to the following functional requirements:
( 1 ) The actual number of installations is less than 5 , all inspections;
( 2 ) The actual number of installations is between 6 and 10 , and 5 samples will be tested ;
( 3 ) If the number of actual installations exceeds 10 units, the actual installation shall be conducted at a ratio of 30% to 50% , but the total number of random inspections shall not be less than 5 units;
( 4 ) The installation location, model, quantity, type and installation quality of each device shall meet the design requirements.
3. Fire detectors ( including combustible gas detectors and electrical fire monitoring detectors ) and manual fire alarm buttons shall be simulated fire response ( combustible gas alarm, electrical fault alarm ) and fault signal inspection according to the following requirements :
(1) mounted on the actual number of persons 100, Sampling and Testing 20 (each loop should sample testing);
( 2 ) The actual number of installations exceeds 100 , and each circuit is tested at a ratio of 10% to 20% of the actual installed capacity, but the total number of random inspections shall not be less than 20 ;
( 3 ) The type, model, location, installation height, protection radius, protection area and detector spacing of the fire detectors to be inspected shall meet the design requirements.
4. The function test of the indoor fire hydrants should be tested for the following control functions under the condition that the outlet water pressure meets the current national fire protection specifications for architectural design:
(1) in the fire control room operation start and stop the pump 1 to 3 times;
( 2 ) Fire hydrant at the fire hydrant start button, according to the actual installation of 5% to 10% of the proportion of sampling.
5. The automatic sprinkler system shall be tested for the following control functions under the conditions in accordance with the current national standard "Specifications for Design of Automatic Sprinkler Systems" GB50084 :
(1) in the fire control room operation start and stop the pump 1 to 3 times;
( 2 ) The flow indicator, signal valve, etc. are sampled at a ratio of 30% to 50% of the actual installed quantity ;
( 3 ) Pressure switches, electric valves, solenoid valves, etc. are all tested according to the actual installation quantity.
6. Extinguishing systems such as gas, foam, and dry powder should be tested for the following control functions at a ratio of 20% to 30% of the actual installation quantity under the conditions of the current national system design specifications .
(1) automatic, manual and emergency start cutting tests 1 to 3 times;
( 2 ) Other equipment actions ( including closing fire windows and doors, stopping air-conditioning fans, closing fire dampers, etc. ) that are controlled in conjunction with the fixed fire extinguishing equipment are tested 1 to 3 times.
7. The electric fire doors, fire shutter, door frames below 5 should be fully tested, the actual number of installed jamb proportionately more than 5 to 20% random testing, but the total number of not less than 5 Tang sample testing, sample testing and linkage control function.
8. The smoke and smoke exhaust fan shall be fully inspected. The valves for ventilation, air conditioning and smoke control equipment shall be tested at a ratio of 10% to 20% of the actual installation quantity , and shall be tested for linkage functions. The following requirements shall be met:
( 1 ) The alarm linkage starts, the fire control room is directly started and stopped, and the scene manually starts the linkage smoke and smoke exhaust fan 1 to 3 times;
(2) stop alarm linkage, remote fire control room ventilation and air conditioning blower stop 1 to 3 times;
( 3 ) The alarm linkage is opened, the fire control room is opened, and the smoke prevention valve is manually opened 1 to 3 times.
9. The elevator shall perform 1 to 2 linkages to return to the first floor function test, and its control function and signals shall be normal.
10. For fire emergency broadcasting equipment, the following functional inspections shall be conducted at a rate of 10% to 20% of the actual installation quantity .
11. The inspection of special telephones for fire protection shall meet the following requirements:
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