1. Choose high-quality water-saving products. The selection of excellent varieties with early maturity, drought tolerance and drought resistance is a key measure to promote water-saving irrigation. Traditional breeding and modern genetic engineering breeding methods are used to breed varieties with higher transpiration water use efficiency to increase the biological yield of transpiration water per unit area of ​​crops. At the same time, it is necessary to screen and select new varieties of drought-resistant varieties through breeding methods to reduce the water demand of crops.
2. Apply enough base fertilizer to increase phosphorus and potassium. The bottom fat foot is the material basis for achieving high yield and stable yield of wheat. Therefore, the base fertilizer requires 4.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 6-7 kg of phosphorus pentoxide, and 6-8 kg of potassium oxide. Organic fertilizers such as chicken manure, cow dung, and manure are added to the land.
3, fine land preparation, foot sowing. The key to water-saving irrigation in wheat is spring, and winter is the foundation. Therefore, a series of measures should be taken before winter to cultivate strong seedlings. The first is to pour the water at the bottom of the foot, finely level the ground, and deepen the fine shovel to prevent the corn stalks from returning to the field and leaking air to ensure the underlying species. Strictly control the quality of sowing, so that the sowing depth is consistent, the next species is even, and it is guaranteed to reach Miaoquan, Miaoqi and Miaozhuang.
4. Increase the basic seedlings to ensure sufficient number of ears per mu. At the level of field crop groups, increasing water use efficiency means an increase in transpirational water use efficiency at the population level, and the microclimate conditions in the field can be adjusted by mutual shading of plant populations. Therefore, compared with conventional irrigation, water-saving wheat should appropriately increase the basic seedlings to compensate for the adverse effects of the upper water deficit on the number of panicles before the dialing. The basic seedlings of wheat sown in a timely manner are guaranteed to be around 160,000-180,000, and the amount of seeding per day is increased by 0.5 kg per day (basic seedlings are 10,000).
5, appropriate delay of spring water, timely planning. In the general year, the spring water is carried out at the beginning of the allocation, and the watering amount is about 45 square meters. Combined with the watering, the application of ammonium carbonate is 65-70 kg or urea is 20-25 kg. That is to meet the growth needs of wheat and to control the ineffective tillering, promote two-level differentiation, and reduce nutrient consumption.
6. Pour the water of the booting water and the water of the lotus flower at the right time. In the end of April, the water was poured into the ear and combined with watering to make up 5 kg of urea. At the same time, the lotus flower grouting water is poured, but the watering amount should not be too large. Promote the average growth of wheat in the whole growth period of 3-4 water, less than the traditional irrigation less than 1-2 water, the average acre water saving 45, which guarantees the demand for water, and achieves the goal of high water-saving.
7, do a good job in the late "one spray three defense." In mid-May, the water-saving wheat fields should be sprayed with three insecticides, bactericidal and foliar fertilizers. This not only cures the insects, but also prolongs the functional period of green leaves, which greatly increases the 1000-grain weight and increases the yield of wheat. effect.
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