On December 26th, Changsha Middle and Low Speed ​​Maglev Rail Transit was designed and operated by Tie Siyuan and represented the construction and construction contractor of China Railway Construction. This is the first medium and low speed maglev line in operation in China, and at the same time, with Japan. Compared with the 6.1-kilometer route in South Korea and the 6.1-kilometer route in South Korea, the Changsha Maglev Line, which connects Changsha South Railway Station and Changsha Huanghua Airport and is 18.5 kilometers long, is also the longest medium-low speed maglev line in the world.
Changsha's medium and low-speed maglev is independently designed, self-constructed, self-manufactured and self-managed by China. It can be used as output, application and technical maintenance of rail transit products. It is completed by domestic manufacturers, marking China becoming the world's fourth after Germany, Japan and South Korea. A country that masters maglev technology.
——What are the differences between low and medium speed maglev and high speed maglev?
Maglev is the principle of using the electromagnet "same-sex repellent, opposite-sex attraction", so that the magnet has the ability to resist gravity, so that the car body is completely out of orbit, suspended on the track, and flies on the ground. The maglev train can float up, relying on the force between the electromagnet and the rail mounted on the train. Then, according to our wish, the suspension controller is used to control the suction force to achieve stable suspension and smooth advancement.
The Shanghai Maglev train, which was completed and operated in 2003, has a speed of 430 kilometers per hour and is a high-speed maglev. The design of the Changsha maglev is 100 kilometers per hour, which is a medium-low speed maglev. The two are different in technical principle and scope of application.
Yan Juping, assistant to the president of the Iron Fourth Institute and executive deputy manager of the China Railway Construction Changsha Maglev General Contracting Project, said that low-speed and high-speed maglev are two completely different technologies that cannot be confused. The first is that the suspension guidance is different. The high-speed magnetic floating is that the suspension electromagnet and the long stator attract each other, and the train is suspended by stability control; the medium and low-speed magnetic floating magnets with the orbit around the track are magnetically attracted to generate the magnetic attraction rail to suck up the train; secondly, the motor structure is different. The high-speed maglev train motor is a long stator structure. The stator is installed on the track, that is, the train is driven by energizing the track. The medium-low speed maglev train is a short stator structure, and the stator is installed on the train, that is, the train is energized to realize driving.
In addition, because the high-speed maglev train can reach 400-500 kilometers per hour, it is more suitable for long trunk lines. For example, the current Beijing-Shanghai, Shanghai-Hangzhou high-speed railway channel Iron Fourth Hospital has studied the magnetic levitation technology, and finally adopted the wheel and rail program. According to Yan Juping, the medium and low speed maglev trains have a speed of 100-120 kilometers per hour, which is more suitable for urban rail transit and ordinary rounds. Compared with rail trains, medium and low speed maglevs are characterized by low noise, low vibration, no pollution, small turning radius and low maintenance cost, which are more suitable for urban construction.
Based on the above differences, the promotion of high-speed maglev in the world is extremely rough, and has not been widely applied due to the problem of cost and technical difficulty. However, the medium and low-speed magnetic levitation lines have taken a different approach, and the related promotion has a great potential.
——What are the advantages of low and medium speed maglev?
Compared with the main urban rail transit modes such as subway, light rail and new trams, medium and low speed maglev rail transit has certain technical and economic advantages.
First, the cost is relatively low. The medium- and low-speed magnetic levitation rail transit has the characteristics of small turning radius and strong climbing ability, which makes it especially suitable for shuttles in cities. The design of the route scheme is “designed according to local conditions†to reduce the amount of demolition, save investment and construction period. According to statistics, the medium and low-speed maglev rail transit cost is only one-third to one-half of the cost of the subway, with obvious price advantage.
Second, the operation and maintenance costs are low. The medium and low speed maglev can avoid wear and tear due to its trains. The annual operation and maintenance cost is about 1.2% of the total investment, and the operation and maintenance cost is about 1/4 of the wheel and rail traffic.
The third is green energy conservation and environmental protection. The train has a small turning radius and strong adaptability to the terrain. No special conditions can be used for overhead laying, thus eliminating the need for line ventilation and lighting. Compared with the subway, it can save 50% of power consumption; the running noise is generally lower than 62 decibels, lower than normal. The noise value of the speech is significantly lower than that of the wheel-rail traffic mode and is representative of “super quiet trafficâ€.
Fourth, the performance is safe and reliable. Adopting "holding track operation", there will be no derailment accidents; advanced train operation control technology is adopted to ensure train safety protection; the traveling suspension wheel is equipped with a running wheel, which can guarantee magnetic levitation operation and clearing passengers in case of failure; In order to solve the passenger escape in the unexpected situation, the Changsha medium-low speed maglev project designs and constructs a steel platform between the two lines, and sets a lower bridge point every 2km in the interval to ensure evacuation of personnel in an emergency.
For all countries in the world that develop magnetic levitation traffic engineering, radiation is a topic that cannot be circumvented. According to scientific tests, the radiation value of Changsha maglev traffic is less than 1m outside the induction cooker, less than half of the microwave oven is less than 3m, and 5m is lower than the electric shaver. Therefore, there is no electromagnetic radiation problem, which is called green “environmental trafficâ€. model.
In view of the above advantages, the medium and low speed maglev is particularly suitable for urban medium-traffic horizontal rail transit, and its vehicle and construction technology is completely localized, so it has better promotion value.
With the engineering advancement and market promotion of the medium and low speed maglev project in Changsha, China Railway Construction has built a demonstration effect of the medium and low speed magnetic levitation brand and achieved a good market reputation.
——What are the highlights created by China Railway Construction?
China Railway Construction adopts the Changsha Maglev Project under the “Investment and Financing + Design and Construction General Contracting + Purchasing + R&D + Manufacturing + Joint Adjustment Test + Operation and Maintenance + Subsequent Comprehensive Development†original construction mode. Since the start of construction, China Railway Construction Ten group companies, such as the Iron Fourth Hospital, turned every day of the construction site into a “iron building time†that showed the style of the iron army and changed the traffic pattern in China.
The Iron Fourth Institute, which undertakes the design and implements the general contract management on behalf of China Railway Construction, adheres to the leading position of design during the project implementation process, and gives full play to the synergy of design and construction, scientific research and procurement, and fully promotes the project construction.
The design leads the research and development, and the research and development support design. Relying on the construction of medium and low-speed magnetic levitation rail transit in Changsha, Tie Siyuan completed more than 10 technical researches on medium and low-speed magnetic levitation system technology research, and plans to mine 300 patents. More than 150 items have been excavated and more than 110 items have been declared. A large number of scientific research work has overcome many technical difficulties and supported the design of medium and low speed maglev engineering.
Design and construction linkage, construction drive design. The design of the map is aimed at the construction needs, strengthen the overall overall arrangement of the project, scientifically and rationally optimize the design plan, dynamically adjust the construction organization plan, and improve the economic and timeliness of the project implementation.
Design helps with procurement. In the procurement connection, Tie Siyuan has professional talents in various fields, is familiar with the performance characteristics of various equipment systems, can quickly understand the various indicators of the product data, and through scientific planning, completed the quality and quantity in 5 months. It takes at least 1 year of work cycle.
The design is related to manufacturing, design and coordination. Tie Siyuan has made overall arrangements and coordinated implementation of the key links of “four electric construction + engineering installation + joint adjustment testâ€, etc., and planned the connection between the pre-station project and the post-station electromechanical system, which is the post-station construction and equipment. Installation is paved. For the installation of the railway construction of Tiejian Heavy Industry, the F-rail shop of the China Railway 11th Bureau, and the installation of the power supply rail of the Electrification Bureau, technical cooperation and guidance shall be carried out to solve the key technical problems of installation in advance. Establish a rapid coordination mechanism with vehicle manufacturers, and do a good job in joint preparations for joint testing.
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