In the production of clean steel, aluminum is often used for deep deoxidation. The resulting Al2O3 has a high melting point and is not easily removed. Usually, the molten steel must be purified by changing the form of inclusions. Suitable refractory materials can achieve this goal, such as in refractory materials. CaO can react with Al2O3 to produce the composite compound Ca12Al14O3 with a melting point of about 1400, which can effectively remove the Al2O3 inclusions in the steel. In the initial stage of pouring, due to the spalling of the used refractory material and the melting loss of the refractory material by the molten steel, it may also cause the inclusion of molten steel and may cause carbon build-up. In recent years, many studies have been done on the removal of inclusions in steel, such as optimization of the tundish structure, the use of molten steel filters, slag inclusions, etc. to promote inclusions floating.
Refractory 1 and the relationship between the phosphorus content in the steel Phosphorus in the steel is too high, resulting in severe segregation during solidification and brittle brittle products, the presence of phosphorus in the steel increases the low-temperature brittleness of the steel, the general steel requires less than 0.035% phosphorus content Requirement for low-temperature toughness of steel requirements of phosphorus is less than 0.005%. Relationship between Refractory Material and Nitrogen in Steel The nitrogen in the steel has a great influence on the deep drawing performance of cold-rolled steel. High nitrogen content in the steel will cause the age hardening of the steel, increasing the hardness and deteriorating the ductility, so that the cold rolled sheet can be maintained. Good processing performance, so the nitrogen content in the steel should be as low as possible. Reducing nitrogen content in steel First, low-nitrogen smelting of converters controls the nitrogen content of the end point, but the key is to prevent the secondary oxidation and nitrogen addition of the molten steel. For slab casting, the maximum nitrogen addition occurs between the ladle and the tundish. .
The nitrogen content in conventional refractories is very low. In recent years, the application of nitrides in refractories has received attention. The decomposition of nitrides such as SiAlON may cause nitrogen addition to molten steel. Immersion nozzle conventional aluminum carbon immersion nozzle is not suitable for clean steel, such as automotive ultra-low carbon steel, electrical steel, etc. production needs, there are issues such as carbon steel, internal wall erosion, intolerant erosion. Studies have shown that the use of ordinary aluminum carbon immersion nozzle pouring ultra-low carbon steel averaged 3.810-6, while the use of carbon-free immersion nozzle pouring ultra-low carbon steel, the average carbon increased by 1.110-6. For clean steel smelting, which tends to cause carbon increase and silicon increase, composite refractories are generally used, that is, non-carbon and non-silicon refractories are used in the part that is in contact with the molten steel, and the exterior uses seismic and slag-resistant erosion resistance. Carbon and silicon-containing refractories. Has developed a composite structure of immersed nozzle, lined with composite carbon-free and silicon-free spinel material, tapping complex spinel-siliceous material, casting ultra-low carbon high oxygen steel, the effect is good. The spinel material does not react with MnO, FeO in the steel, not only does not erode, but also forms a dense erosion resistant layer on the working surface. Composite nozzles have been applied to the continuous casting of high manganese steels and high oxygen steels. They are also suitable for stainless steel, calcium treated steels, and free cutting steels.
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