Since the first CNC machine tool was introduced in 1952, it has been more than 50 years since its inception, including 30 years of maturity and more than 20 years of large-scale application. CNC machine tools have undergone technological development stages such as nanometerization, high speed, composite, and five-axis linkage. In 2006, the emergence of intelligent machine tools in the international market marked a major step in the development of machine tool technology.
What is a smart machine? An intelligent machine is a machine that can make decisions about the manufacturing process. Intelligent machine tools understand the entire manufacturing process and are able to monitor, diagnose and correct various types of deviations that occur during production. And can provide solutions for the optimization of production. In addition, the remaining life of the cutting tools, spindles, bearings and guides used can be calculated, allowing the user to know the remaining time and replacement time.
The significance of the development of intelligent machine tools
The prospect and goal of machine tool technology development is to realize the overall automation of equipment manufacturing industry, from stand-alone automation to FMC, CIM, CIMS, improve processing accuracy, efficiency, reduce manufacturing costs, and create more wealth for mankind. In the process of realizing the whole disk automation, the technical problems that need to be solved are extremely complicated, not only to solve the problem of replacing manual labor, but also to solve the problem of replacing mental labor. It includes processes, tools, logistics, networking, information storage, control, and more. How to replace human manual and mental labor with intelligence is the most critical core issue.
The emergence of intelligent machine tools has created conditions for the future equipment manufacturing industry to achieve full production automation. First, the machining accuracy and efficiency of the machine tool can be improved by automatically suppressing vibration, reducing thermal deformation, preventing interference, automatically adjusting the amount of lubricating oil, and reducing noise. Secondly, for the further development of integrated manufacturing systems, the level of automation of a single machine tool can greatly reduce the workload of people in managing machine tools. People can have more energy and time to solve complex problems outside the machine tool, and further develop intelligent machine tools and intelligent systems. Third, the development and innovation of numerical control systems have played an extremely important role in the intelligentization of machine tools. It can store a large amount of information, store, analyze, process, judge, adjust, optimize and control various information. It also has important functions such as: fixture database, dialog programming, tool path inspection, process time analysis, start time analysis, actual machining load monitoring, machining navigation, adjustment, optimization, and adaptive control.
The development process of intelligent machine tools
As early as the 1980s, the United States had proposed research and development of "adaptive control" machine tools, but because many automation links such as automatic detection, automatic adjustment, automatic compensation, etc. have not been resolved, although there are various tests, the progress is slow. Later, in the field of electric machine tools (EDM), the first "adaptive control" was realized. The discharge gap and machining process parameters were automatically selected and adjusted to improve the machining accuracy, efficiency and automation of the machine tool.
Subsequently, the organization created by the US government, the Intelligent Machine Startup Platform (SMPI), a consortium of companies, government departments and machine tool builders accelerated the research on intelligent machine tools.
The intelligent machine tool developed and manufactured by Japan's MAZAK company, which was exhibited at the IMTS exhibition in September 2006, has taken a step forward in the future of the "adaptive control" machine tool. Japan's intelligent machine tool has six major features: First, it has the function of automatically suppressing vibration. Second, automatic measurement and automatic compensation, reducing the impact of high-speed spindle, vertical raft, bed thermal deformation. Third, there is a function to automatically prevent the collision of the tool and the workpiece. Fourth, there are functions to automatically replenish lubricants and suppress noise. 5. The numerical control system has a special man-machine dialogue function, which can display the tool path on the monitoring screen during programming, which further improves the cutting efficiency. Sixth, the machine tool fault can be diagnosed remotely.
The latest research results of intelligent machine tools
At IMTS 2006, Japan's Mazak exhibited the CNC machine tool claiming to have four intelligences under the name of "Intelligent Machine"; Japan's Okuma (Dayu) exhibited an intelligent digital control called "thinc" System (Intelligent Numerical Control System).
Mazak's intelligent machine tools: sending out information and thinking about Mazak's definition of intelligent machine tools: the machine tool can monitor itself, analyze many information related to machine tools, processing status, environment and other factors, and then take countermeasures to ensure Optimized processing. In other words, the machine tool evolved to send out information and think on its own. The result: the machine tool can adapt itself to the requirements of a flexible and efficient production system. Currently Mazak's intelligent machine tools have the following four major intelligences:
1. Active vibration control - minimize vibration;
2. Intelligent thermal barrier - thermal displacement control;
3. Intelligent safety barriers - prevent component collisions;
4. Mazak voice prompts - voice information system.
Okuma's intelligent machine tool: with "thought"
Okuma's intelligent digital control system is called "thinc", which is a homonym of English "think", indicating that it has the ability to think. Okuma believes that the design (structure), execution and use (design, implementation, use) of the current classic CNC system is outdated, and the time has come for a fundamental change.
Okuma said that think can not only make a “smart decision†on the changed situation without human intervention, but also make the machine function in the application after incrementally. It grows on its own and is more adaptive to new situations and needs, more fault-tolerant, and easier to program and use. In short, the machine will bring more productivity to the user without manual intervention.
GE Fanuc and Cincinnati's Progress GE Fanuc's suite of monitoring and analysis solutions is also an example of smart machine development, which was demonstrated at the IMTS exhibition in September 2006. An efficiency-based machine tool 4.0, an Internet-based solution, emerged as an insightful, reasonable analysis method that collects complex basic data from machine tools and other equipment. It also provides a remote diagnostic tool that minimizes the average time to failure and the shortest time to repair. It can also be used to monitor different sites in a computer maintenance management system. Another example of an intelligent machine tool is software designed by Cincinnati's multitasking machining center that detects unbalanced conditions of the B axis of rotation. Equipped with the SINUMERIK 840D control system, the new balance sensor monitors the Z-axis for errors and accurately and quickly feels the imbalance. After the detection, a set of balance diagrams is used to generate a display map to determine the location of the imbalance and how much compensation is needed. This technology has also been used on Giddings & Lewis's vertical lathes.
Mikron intelligent machine module
Mikron's serialized modules (software and hardware) are the company's achievements in the field of intelligent machine tools. The goal of the different "smart machine" modules is to make the cutting process more transparent and easier to control. To do this, communication between the user and the machine must first be established. Second, tools must be provided to the user during different cutting optimization processes to significantly improve processing performance. Third, the machine tool must be able to independently control and optimize the cutting process to improve process safety and workpiece quality.
Mikron's Advanced Process Control System (APS) module is a monitoring system that allows the user to view and control the machining process. It is specially developed for high performance and high speed cutting and is well suited for use in other cutting systems.
Wireless Notification System (RNS)
The Wireless Notification System module opens up a new era of communication and flexibility. Through this system, users can receive information on the operation of the Mikron machining center. Through the SMS form of the mobile phone, the user can know the operating status of the machine and the execution status of the program.
The world's first and exclusive all-intelligent operator support system (OSS)
The Operator Support System (OSS) optimizes the machining process based on the structure and machining requirements of the workpiece. With an easy-to-use user interface, the user can easily set parameters such as target size, speed, accuracy and surface finish as well as workpiece weight and processing complexity and can be modified at any time.
In the 21st century, intelligent machine tools will be developed on the basis of existing technologies, from the automation of mechanical motion to the intelligentization of information control. The speed and height of its development will depend on four aspects: talent, research, innovation and cooperation. The world's first intelligent machine tool exhibited in 2006 needs further improvement and improvement. Such as in the machine, electricity, liquid, gas, optical components and control systems; in the automatic collection, storage, adjustment, control, optimization of processing parameters; reliability, stability after intelligent, network, integration In terms of durability, etc., it is necessary to conduct in-depth research.
What is a smart machine? An intelligent machine is a machine that can make decisions about the manufacturing process. Intelligent machine tools understand the entire manufacturing process and are able to monitor, diagnose and correct various types of deviations that occur during production. And can provide solutions for the optimization of production. In addition, the remaining life of the cutting tools, spindles, bearings and guides used can be calculated, allowing the user to know the remaining time and replacement time.
The significance of the development of intelligent machine tools
The prospect and goal of machine tool technology development is to realize the overall automation of equipment manufacturing industry, from stand-alone automation to FMC, CIM, CIMS, improve processing accuracy, efficiency, reduce manufacturing costs, and create more wealth for mankind. In the process of realizing the whole disk automation, the technical problems that need to be solved are extremely complicated, not only to solve the problem of replacing manual labor, but also to solve the problem of replacing mental labor. It includes processes, tools, logistics, networking, information storage, control, and more. How to replace human manual and mental labor with intelligence is the most critical core issue.
The emergence of intelligent machine tools has created conditions for the future equipment manufacturing industry to achieve full production automation. First, the machining accuracy and efficiency of the machine tool can be improved by automatically suppressing vibration, reducing thermal deformation, preventing interference, automatically adjusting the amount of lubricating oil, and reducing noise. Secondly, for the further development of integrated manufacturing systems, the level of automation of a single machine tool can greatly reduce the workload of people in managing machine tools. People can have more energy and time to solve complex problems outside the machine tool, and further develop intelligent machine tools and intelligent systems. Third, the development and innovation of numerical control systems have played an extremely important role in the intelligentization of machine tools. It can store a large amount of information, store, analyze, process, judge, adjust, optimize and control various information. It also has important functions such as: fixture database, dialog programming, tool path inspection, process time analysis, start time analysis, actual machining load monitoring, machining navigation, adjustment, optimization, and adaptive control.
The development process of intelligent machine tools
As early as the 1980s, the United States had proposed research and development of "adaptive control" machine tools, but because many automation links such as automatic detection, automatic adjustment, automatic compensation, etc. have not been resolved, although there are various tests, the progress is slow. Later, in the field of electric machine tools (EDM), the first "adaptive control" was realized. The discharge gap and machining process parameters were automatically selected and adjusted to improve the machining accuracy, efficiency and automation of the machine tool.
Subsequently, the organization created by the US government, the Intelligent Machine Startup Platform (SMPI), a consortium of companies, government departments and machine tool builders accelerated the research on intelligent machine tools.
The intelligent machine tool developed and manufactured by Japan's MAZAK company, which was exhibited at the IMTS exhibition in September 2006, has taken a step forward in the future of the "adaptive control" machine tool. Japan's intelligent machine tool has six major features: First, it has the function of automatically suppressing vibration. Second, automatic measurement and automatic compensation, reducing the impact of high-speed spindle, vertical raft, bed thermal deformation. Third, there is a function to automatically prevent the collision of the tool and the workpiece. Fourth, there are functions to automatically replenish lubricants and suppress noise. 5. The numerical control system has a special man-machine dialogue function, which can display the tool path on the monitoring screen during programming, which further improves the cutting efficiency. Sixth, the machine tool fault can be diagnosed remotely.
The latest research results of intelligent machine tools
At IMTS 2006, Japan's Mazak exhibited the CNC machine tool claiming to have four intelligences under the name of "Intelligent Machine"; Japan's Okuma (Dayu) exhibited an intelligent digital control called "thinc" System (Intelligent Numerical Control System).
Mazak's intelligent machine tools: sending out information and thinking about Mazak's definition of intelligent machine tools: the machine tool can monitor itself, analyze many information related to machine tools, processing status, environment and other factors, and then take countermeasures to ensure Optimized processing. In other words, the machine tool evolved to send out information and think on its own. The result: the machine tool can adapt itself to the requirements of a flexible and efficient production system. Currently Mazak's intelligent machine tools have the following four major intelligences:
1. Active vibration control - minimize vibration;
2. Intelligent thermal barrier - thermal displacement control;
3. Intelligent safety barriers - prevent component collisions;
4. Mazak voice prompts - voice information system.
Okuma's intelligent machine tool: with "thought"
Okuma's intelligent digital control system is called "thinc", which is a homonym of English "think", indicating that it has the ability to think. Okuma believes that the design (structure), execution and use (design, implementation, use) of the current classic CNC system is outdated, and the time has come for a fundamental change.
Okuma said that think can not only make a “smart decision†on the changed situation without human intervention, but also make the machine function in the application after incrementally. It grows on its own and is more adaptive to new situations and needs, more fault-tolerant, and easier to program and use. In short, the machine will bring more productivity to the user without manual intervention.
GE Fanuc and Cincinnati's Progress GE Fanuc's suite of monitoring and analysis solutions is also an example of smart machine development, which was demonstrated at the IMTS exhibition in September 2006. An efficiency-based machine tool 4.0, an Internet-based solution, emerged as an insightful, reasonable analysis method that collects complex basic data from machine tools and other equipment. It also provides a remote diagnostic tool that minimizes the average time to failure and the shortest time to repair. It can also be used to monitor different sites in a computer maintenance management system. Another example of an intelligent machine tool is software designed by Cincinnati's multitasking machining center that detects unbalanced conditions of the B axis of rotation. Equipped with the SINUMERIK 840D control system, the new balance sensor monitors the Z-axis for errors and accurately and quickly feels the imbalance. After the detection, a set of balance diagrams is used to generate a display map to determine the location of the imbalance and how much compensation is needed. This technology has also been used on Giddings & Lewis's vertical lathes.
Mikron intelligent machine module
Mikron's serialized modules (software and hardware) are the company's achievements in the field of intelligent machine tools. The goal of the different "smart machine" modules is to make the cutting process more transparent and easier to control. To do this, communication between the user and the machine must first be established. Second, tools must be provided to the user during different cutting optimization processes to significantly improve processing performance. Third, the machine tool must be able to independently control and optimize the cutting process to improve process safety and workpiece quality.
Mikron's Advanced Process Control System (APS) module is a monitoring system that allows the user to view and control the machining process. It is specially developed for high performance and high speed cutting and is well suited for use in other cutting systems.
Wireless Notification System (RNS)
The Wireless Notification System module opens up a new era of communication and flexibility. Through this system, users can receive information on the operation of the Mikron machining center. Through the SMS form of the mobile phone, the user can know the operating status of the machine and the execution status of the program.
The world's first and exclusive all-intelligent operator support system (OSS)
The Operator Support System (OSS) optimizes the machining process based on the structure and machining requirements of the workpiece. With an easy-to-use user interface, the user can easily set parameters such as target size, speed, accuracy and surface finish as well as workpiece weight and processing complexity and can be modified at any time.
In the 21st century, intelligent machine tools will be developed on the basis of existing technologies, from the automation of mechanical motion to the intelligentization of information control. The speed and height of its development will depend on four aspects: talent, research, innovation and cooperation. The world's first intelligent machine tool exhibited in 2006 needs further improvement and improvement. Such as in the machine, electricity, liquid, gas, optical components and control systems; in the automatic collection, storage, adjustment, control, optimization of processing parameters; reliability, stability after intelligent, network, integration In terms of durability, etc., it is necessary to conduct in-depth research.
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