The scientific fertilization of pear trees is an important measure to improve the quality of pear fruit products. Pear tree topdressing is not timely and uneven, which will affect the normal fruiting and growth of pear trees. When entering the fruiting stage, the amount of flower buds is large, the fruit setting rate is high, and a large number of results result in poor fruit quality. By adjusting the amount of fruit set by thinning flowers and fruit, it can achieve high quality. High production and high efficiency.
Four key periods of fertilization of pear trees â— Boron application of boron fertilizer during flowering period requires more trace elements in pear flower. It is generally preferred to spray a boric acid solution with a concentration of 0.2% to 0.3% at the beginning flowering stage and the leaf surface after the flowering, or 0.3% ~ 0.5% borax solution can promote the absorption of sugar by pollen, activate metabolic process, stimulate pollen germination, fertilize embryo development results, and improve vitamin C content of fruits. In the case of heavy boron deficiency, 667 square meters of borax or boric acid 200-300 grams mixed with farmyard manure and mixed with ditch to prevent the pulp from cork and improve fruit quality.
â—The application of NPK fertilizer in the young fruit period is generally after the pear tree Xiehua, when the young fruit begins to grow, it should be combined with the yarrow grass soil, each tree ditch with nitrogen fertilizer 0.3 ~ 0.5 kg, potassium fertilizer 0.2 ~ 0.3 kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.3 ~ 0.5 kg is buried. This fertilization mainly promotes the growth of roots and shoots, enlarges the leaf area, and increases the volume of young fruit.
â—In the long fruit period, the application of fertilizer should be applied from late June to mid-July. Each application is 3050 kg of human excrement, 0.2-0.3 kg of urea is mixed and ditched, and then the soil is covered in time. At the same time, every 15 to 20 days, the leaf surface sprays 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 3 times, which can reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, and promote fruit growth and good growth.
â— During the period of strong fruit, it is the period of fruit accumulation and nutrient accumulation in the period from August to September. At this time, fertilization is mainly combined with NPK fertilizer to promote fruit growth and improve yield and quality. Generally, each tree should be immersed in nitrogen fertilizer 0.3-0.5 kg, phosphate fertilizer 0.2-0.3 kg, and potassium fertilizer 0.3-0.4 kg, which can promote the metabolism of carbohydrates and increase the sugar and sweetness of the fruit.
Key Principles of Pear Tree Thinning and Thinning â— According to the amount of flowers, flowering weather, tree strength, fruit setting, etc., it is determined by the nutrient determination of the storage of flowering fruit and young fruit cells, and the excess flowers and fruits are removed as early as possible. , to reduce unnecessary consumption; only concentrate all the nutrients on the flowers and fruits that should be retained, in order to grow into large fruit. Therefore, early sparseness is better than late, sparse buds are better than sparse flowers, and thinning is better than thinning. However, depending on the amount of flowers in the year, the weather during the flowering season, the strength of the tree, the power of the fruit, etc., it is decided to be sparse and scented, and the three are matched.
â—Determining the distribution according to the distribution of branches. If the average plant load per plant is constant, the specific tree (branches) will vary depending on the tree (branches). The strong ones remain and the weak ones remain. The tree of the year tree full of flowers and trees (more than 60% of flower buds), it is necessary to pay more attention to it. Weakly weakly-ordered can be completely removed from the whole branch, leaving the results of the next year, leaving only the single fruit, leaving no double fruit. For large and medium fruit varieties, leave 1 fruit every 15-20 cm. The small-year tree, which spends about 25% of the flowers, is less sparsely reserved, with less or no empty benches. Zhuangshu Zhuangzhi retains the branch fruit with fruit pressure. Weak trees (branches) do not leave the branches of the fruit. On the back, the result of the strong branch group stayed, and the weaker branch group left less.
â— According to the identification of the secondary shoots, the growth of the secondary shoots is strong and the growth can be grown into large fruits. When the total amount of flowers is insufficient, the double fruit can be left; the middle and the secondary shoots and the strong leaves leave a single fruit; If the amount is enough, you can leave it alone.
â— According to the order of the flower fruit, it is determined to be in a certain inflorescence. The pear is opened first and then inward. The first fruit is large, and the fruit is large, and the fruit shape is correct. Therefore, you should leave the lace fruit and remove the rest of the flowers or fruit.
â— According to the growth of young fruit, it is determined that the stalk is long and thick, and the young fruit is long, and the scorpion end is tight and prominent, and it is easy to develop into a large fruit, so it should be left. Remove those fruits that are small in shape and open and not protruding. The principle of thinning fruit is to stay better and worse. First, remove those diseases and insects, capsules, small fruits, rust fruits, and leaves to grind the fruit. If you still exceed the amount, further stay better and worsen, adjust the distribution in the whole tree. In order to be safe and fruit-splitting, it can be divided into two parts.
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