Green Winter Olympics, green transportation is the key, not only to ensure the reliability and safety of the commutes, but also to ensure low pollution, low energy consumption, electric buses will play an important role in the Olympic Games service guarantee.
However, we know that lithium batteries have the low-temperature characteristics of "compassion and coldness." As the Zhangjiakou region of Hebei Province, one of the venues for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the average winter temperature is around -10°C, while the Chongli outdoor competition area will drop to -23°C during extreme cold. In the face of low temperature conditions, according to the existing technology, the charging and discharging characteristics of the electric vehicle power battery will deteriorate.
How to solve the problem of battery life in low-temperature conditions of electric vehicles and improve the commuting ability and reliability between venues in different areas of the Olympic Winter Games?
Chongli's low temperature will bring "extreme challenges" to electric vehicles
We know that the working principle of the battery is that the internal electrolyte changes through a chemical reaction and a potential difference occurs between the positive and negative electrodes to generate a current. Lithium ion technology as the battery has the advantages of high voltage, high specific energy and good cycle performance. It has been widely used in mobile phones, computers and electric vehicles. However, under low temperature conditions, the chemical activity of the electrolyte, electrode material, and separator of the battery is greatly reduced, resulting in deterioration of the discharge performance of the battery under low temperature conditions, reduction of the discharge voltage, and significant reduction of the discharge capacity.
Take our usual smartphones as an example. The ideal temperature range generally stated in the manual is between 16°C and 22°C. The normal temperature range is 0°C to 35°C. The temperature range that can be stored is - 20 °C to 45 °C. Therefore, smart phones appear to shut off automatically when exposed to low temperatures, and are generally caused by lower temperatures and lower battery performance. According to analysis data, under the conditions of 160 km of electric vehicles operating at room temperature, the battery life is only 69 km at -6°C, and at a very cold temperature of -25°C, the battery will not work.
As one of the venues for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, it is more than 200 kilometers away from Beijing and the average winter temperature is around -10 degrees Celsius, while the Chongli outdoor competition area will drop to -23 degrees Celsius during extreme cold. . In the face of low temperature conditions, according to the existing technology, the charging and discharging characteristics of the power battery of the electric vehicle will be deteriorated, and the capacity and life will also be attenuated, which in turn will cause the vehicle driving range and the entire vehicle's power performance to drop significantly, and the charging time will be prolonged significantly.
"Black Technology" Lithium Battery "Cold and Warm"
Beijing Institute of Technology and related companies jointly announced a new type of battery technology, which is expected to completely solve the “cold†problem of batteries.
According to the research team, in solving the low-temperature application of electric vehicle power batteries, the traditional solution is to use an external heating method, but this battery heating system has high energy consumption, long time, low efficiency, and poor results. For example, electric heating methods widely used in new energy vehicles are generally heated by resistance wire (PTC). The heating efficiency ratio is very low and the heating speed is slow. While heating the battery, it does not satisfy the comfort of the vehicle. Claim.
Sun Fengchun, director of the National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles and professor at the Beijing Institute of Technology's School of Mechanical and Vehicles, said: “The low-temperature self-heating battery system released this time is suitable for the lower winter temperatures in the north, and is based on self-heating at -30°C in dozens of times. Within seconds, the temperature of the battery rises above 0° C., which activates the normal application of the power battery.This technology solves the low temperature problem of the battery through physical methods and is applicable to various battery systems at present, which can completely solve the sharp decline in the driving range of the electric vehicle in the winter. Unable to start, decay, security risks and many other problems."
This new type of self-heating battery technology is equivalent to inserting high-efficiency heated nickel foil inside a conventional cell and putting the cell on a “warm babyâ€. When the electric vehicle is cold-started, the cell can be heated in a short time. To the appropriate operating temperature. This technological breakthrough is expected to completely solve the many problems in the EV mileage, driving safety and driving comfort in the winter cold conditions.
How far is the climate-wide electric car from us?
The development and manufacturing of vehicles is a systematic and comprehensive project. Breakthroughs in battery technology have only come to an end. The development of the vehicle also requires a great deal of effort in terms of reliability, safety, and durability.
According to the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, the terrain of the Beijing Olympic Winter Games in the Hebei Division is mainly mountainous. In winter, the slope of the road and the icy and snowy roads will lead to very complicated driving conditions. In the face of complex road conditions, the existing intelligentized new energy vehicles are generally low in intelligence, and they are unable to meet the requirements of complex road conditions such as snow-covered and low-attachment roads for intelligent vehicles, and they also have the ability to make independent decisions for new energy vehicles. Presented greater challenges. In general, complicated road conditions and low intelligence restricted the large-scale application of electric vehicles in the Beijing Winter Olympics.
In response, the research team has accelerated the development of vehicle technology, redesigned and developed the intelligent network connection control technology, the integration technology of the drive motor and the automatic transmission, the automatic transmission control technology, the system intelligent control technology, and the low temperature boosting air conditioning technology. In order to achieve the ultimate reliability and safety of the vehicle, the needs of the Olympic Winter Games will be better protected.
Sun Fengchun introduced that the new energy automotive project team plans to complete the development of new energy buses, luxury minibuses, and car prototypes equipped with low-temperature batteries and low-temperature booster air conditioners in 2017; and complete the all-climate new energy vehicle before the Spring Festival of 2018 Verification tests in high-cold areas; It is expected that by 2020, a total of 11 prototypes of 4 models will be developed, and product announcements will be made and trials will be applied. At the same time, new energy vehicles will be the basis and main line, focusing on research and development of smart new energy vehicles.
Technological innovation is breaking the bottleneck of development of electric vehicles. It can be predicted that not only the 2022 Winter Olympics, but also the continuous development of electric vehicles will further change people's future travel mode. (People's Daily Central Kitchen, half acre Fang Tang Studio Yan Yan)
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